Learning objectives
The course is structured in ex cathedra lectures and practicals to enable students to acquire basic knowledge of pathology and simultaneously achieve professional independence. The qualifying time is the interpretation of the macro and microscopic disease patterns from his own knowledge gained during the lectures and individual study
Prerequisites
Exam of General Pathology
Course unit content
The hematopoietic system
The cardiovascular system
Muscle
The skin and appendages
Mammary gland
Full programme
Hemolymphopoietic organs: Bone marrow: involution, hyperplasia, aplasia, gelatinous atrophy, haemosiderosis, necrosis. Anaemia, leucocitosis end leucopenia
Lymph-nodes: hypoplasia, atrophy, pathological pigmentations, necrosis, abnormalities of blood flow and pneumatosis. Macroscopic and microscopic features of simple (acute and chronic), purulent, hemorrhagic and necrotizing, granulomatous and piogranulomatous lymphadenitis. Pathology of hemolymphnodes. Spleen: malformations, abnormalities of blood flow (passive hyperaemia, haematomas, infarcts), degenerations (atrophy, hyalinosis, amyloidosis, haemosiderosis, necrosis), splenitis ( hyperemic-haemorrhagic, hyperplastic, purulent, gangrenous, necrotizing, fibrous, granulomatous). Hemopoietic Tumours ( AFIP-WHO Classification ) in domestic animals.
Cardiovascular system: Heart: malformations, hydropericardium, hemopericardium, pericarditis (classification and aetiology); myocardiosis, myocardial necrosis (causes and effects), myocardial hypertrophy, myocarditis with particular reference to purulent, lymphocytic and granulomatous myocarditis, primitives cardiomyopathies. Endocardium: calcification, endocardiosis, fibroelastosis; endocarditis (pathogenesis, aetiology, classification). Tumours of hearth (AFIP-WHO classification)
Muscle. Congenital and inherited defects of muscle, degeneration, circulatory disturbances; nutritional, transport, toxic and exertional myopathies, myositis, parasitic diseases; neoplastic diseases.
Blood vessels: aneurysm, thrombosis, regressive arteropathies (calcifications, hyalinosis, fibrinoidosis, amyloidosis, arterosclerosis), arteritis (acute and chronic, pathogenesis). Veins: thrombosis, phlebitis. Lymphatics: lymphangectasia, lymphangitis. Parasites of vessels. Neoplasms of vessels.
Mammary gland: Congenital anomalies, acquired alterations, abnormalities of blood flow, mastitis: aetiology, pathogenesis and classification of the main types of bovine mastitis (fibrinopurulent or gangrenous mastitis,hemorrhagic-necrotizing mastitis, interstitial mastitis, granulomatous and piogranulomatous mastitis; mentions about ovine-caprine mastitis. Mammary tumours, epidemiology and etiology, WHO-IHCTDA Classification, histological grading and TNM system.
Skin :Macroscopic and microscopic elementary lesions in dermopathology. Dermatosis with endocrine (hypothyroidism, hypercorticism, hyperestrogenism) or carential induced alopecia; dermatosis with deposit (calcinosis, mucinosis). Dermatitis. Necrosis and subcutis steatonecrosis. Skin tumours: epithelial skin tumours, mesenchymal tumours and round cells tumours (mast-cell tumour, melanoma, histiocytoma, plasmacytoma). WHO-IHCTDA - World Health Organization – International Histological Classification of SkinTumors of Domestic Animals, 1998
Bibliography
Guarda, Mandelli: Trattato di Anatomia Patologica degli animali domestici (UTET)
•Marcato P.S.: Patologia Sistematica Veterinaria (Edagricole, Il Sole 24 Ore, Bologna, 2002 )
•M. Donald McGavin: Patologia Veterinaria Sistematica, 2011, 4 edizione, Elsevier.
•Thompson: Special Veterinary Pathology, 2000
•Jubb, Kennedy, Palmer: Pathology of domestic Animals (Academic Press, 2006)
Teaching methods
Lectures using videobeam.
Practicals on cadavers and pathological organs in necropsy room ( Prof. Cantoni,20 hrs).
Dr Benedetta Passeri (20 hrs):Histopathology in multifunctional lab using conventional didactic optical microscope
Assessment methods and criteria
The final exam comprises:
a) Practicals on cadaver or pathological organs;
b) Histopathology exam
c) Oral exam
