Learning objectives
Knowledge of the basic elements concerning cell injury and death, tumors and, with greater detail, mechanisms of response to tissue injury (inflammation, hemostasis, tissue repair).
Knowledge of basic elements of bacteriology, virology and transmission of infectious disease.
Knowledge of principles of general pharmacology. Knowledge of neuromuscolar drugs, of drugs used for central and pheripheral nervous system, and of drugs for osteoarticular disease.
Capability of applying knowledge to conditions and drugs of interest for the physiotherapist.
Prerequisites
Adequate bases of biology, chemistry, biochemistry, physics, anatomy
Course unit content
PATHOLOGY:
Cell injury and cell death. Basic elements of oncology.
Inflammation, hemostasis, tissue repair and their alterations. CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY. General bacteriology. General virology. Transmission of infectiopus diseases. Elements of infectious diseases of interest for physiotherapists. PHARMACOLOGY. Elements of general pharmacology: pharmacodynamics and pharmakinetics. Factors modifyng drug response. Drug toxicity. Special pharmacology: neuromuscolar drugs, pain therapy, antiinflammatory drugs, antirheumatic and antigout drugs.
Full programme
PATHOLOGY:
Cell injury and death: reversible and irreversible injury, intrinsic and extrinsic causes of cell injury, adaptations, types of cell death.
Basic oncology: classification and nomenclature, epidemiological features, benign and malignant tumors, invasivity and metastasis, host-tumor relationships, grading and staging.
Tissue responses to cell injury:
- Inflammation: classification, events and mechanisms, acute and chronic inflammation, cells, mediators, systemic events, inflammatory lesions, derangements of the inflammatory response.
- Hemostasis: phases, defects, thrombosis, embolia, atherosclerosis, infarction.
- Tissue repair. Mechanisms of repair and their alterations.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY:
General bacteriology:
The prokaryotic cell: general organization, morphology and physiology. Reproduction of microorganisms. The microorganism/host relationship: commensalism, symbiosis, parasitism. Microbial flora. Pathogenicity and virulence.
General virology:
General characteristics of viruses, Structural and chemical composition of virions,
Phases of the viral replication process.
Transmission of pathogens. Diagnosis of infectious disease.
Basic information on infections of skin, CNS, osteoarticular system.
PHARMACOLOGY:
General pharmacology. What is pharmacology. Drugs. Basic pharmacodynamics: sites and mechanisms of action, agonists and antagonists, the dose-effect relationship.
Basic pharmacokinetics: how drugs reach their site of action, routes of administration, drug adsorption. Drug-protein binding and drug biodistribution.
Drug biotransformation. Drug excretion. Pharmacokinetic parameters: bioavailability, apparent distribution volume, plasma drug half-life, clearance. Conditions modifying drug effects: drug interactions, the importance of patient conditions. Tolerance and resistance. Drug toxicity: collateral and unwanted events.
Special pharmacology:
Neuromuscular drugs: depolarizing and competitive blocking agents, botulinum, central (GABAergic) and preripheral myorelaxant agents. Drugs for myasthenia gravis: anticholinesterase drugs, steroids, immunosuppressant drugs.
Anti-Parkinson agents.
Analgesic drugs: opiates and non-opiate analgesics; local anesthetics.
Antiinflammatory drugs: NSAIDs, steroids (glucocorticoids).
Antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), antigout drugs (colchicine, allopurinol, uricosuric agents). Drugs used in bone disorders: Vitamin D, calcitonin and bisphosphonates.
Drugs for Arthrosis: condroprotective drugs.
Bibliography
PATHOLOGY:
Maier "Patologia Generale e Fisiopatologia per le professioni sanitarie", 2ed., McGraw Hill, 2013
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY: Bendinelli M., Chezzi C., Fumarola D., Pitzurra M. “Microbiologia Medica” Monduzzi Editore
PHARMACOLOGY:
PC Panus, B Katzung, EE Jobst, SL Tinsley, SB Master, AJ Trevor.
"Farmacologia in Riabilitazione" Ed. Italiana a cura di V. Locatelli 2014.
Dale, Haylett "Elementi di farmacologia" Compendio per l'esame. Ed. Mediche Scientifiche Internazionali EMSI;
Clark M.A.; Finkel R. "Le basi della farmacologia" 2° Edizione Italiana dalla 5° edizione americana, Zanichelli Editore, 2013.
Teaching methods
Interactive oral lessons
Assessment methods and criteria
No interim evaluation is programmed.
The final evaluation will consist in an oral examination.
Q u e s t i o n s / s t u d e n t : at least 3 (at least one/discipline).
Questions will concern subjects listed in the detailed program.
Failure to answer to one question, or verified uncapability to define
correctly the subject, will prevent the successful completion of the exam.
After the questions concerning each discipline, the examiner will give an evalaution expressed in
m a r k s :
A. Very good knowledge and understanding. Very good capability of
applying knowledge to problems of interest for physiotherapists. Corresponding to 30/30.
B. Good knowledge and understanding. Good capability to apply
knowledge to problems of interest for physiotherapists. Corresponding to 27-29/30.
C. Average knowledge and understanding. Average capability of
applying knowledge to problems of interest for physiotherapists. Corresponding to 24-26/D. Sufficient knowledge and understanding. Sufficient capability of
applying information to problems of interest for physiotherapists. Corresponding to 21-
2 3 / 3 0 .
E. Barely sufficient knowledge and understanding (with evident pitfalls).
Scarce capability of applying knowledge to problems of interest for physiotherapists.
Corresponding to 18-20/30.
Full marks with laude will be reserved to students exhibiting, together an
overal evaluation of 30/30, capability of making judgments, good
communication ability and autonomous learning skills.
The final vote will be decided jointly by the examiners, who will have the
possibility to decide a vote not higher or lower than two grades from
the best or the worst vote derived from the CFU-weighted mean of the two individual
votes.
Other information
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