Learning objectives
The aim of the course is to provide the basics of nutrition in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), in order to acquire an in-depth knowledge of the pathophysiological alterations characteristic of the syndrome, with special regard to its effects on metabolism and nutritional status of patients and to the available evidence-based dietetic and pharmacological measures.
Knowledge and understanding
• To acquire basic knowledge on kidney function and its evaluation in terms of stages of CKD
• To acquire knowledge on the peculiarities of the evaluation of nutritional status in CKD
• To acquire knowledge on CKD, and in particular on the pathogenetic and progression mechanisms of the syndrome
• To acquire knowledge on the effects of CKD on metabolism and nutritional status, in order to understand the advantages and disadvantages of dietary and pharmacological therapeutic measures aimed at the prevention and treatment of malnutrition in this clinical setting
• To acquire ability to use the specific language of the discipline
Knowledge and understanding applied
• Apply knowledge on the evaluation of renal function and on CKD for a precise classification of the syndrome in nutritional terms, in order to accurately define the dietary treatment and its correct integration with drug therapies, based on the stages of CKD
Judgment autonomy
• To understand the meaning, mechanisms and possible impact of the metabolic alterations characteristic of CKD on nutrition in patients with the syndrome
• To know how to independently assess the validity of a CKD complication prevention strategy based on the correct integration of dietary and pharmacological interventions
Communication skills
• To have the ability to synthesize information and communicate it effectively to specialist and non-specialist interlocutors
Learning skills
• To develop skills and methodology that allow to study in a highly autonomous way
• To have the ability to update through the consultation of scientific databases and the most recent Guidelines
Prerequisites
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Course unit content
- General aspects of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
- Metabolic and nutritional alterations in CKD
- Dietetic treatment of CKD
Full programme
The kidney: notes on the function and tasks of the kidney, the kidney and nutrient metabolism
Chronic kidney disease (CKD): definition, stages, pathophysiology
Evaluation of nutritional status in renal patients
- Evaluation of dietary intake
- Anthropometric measurements
- Biochemical parameters
- Assessment of body composition and assessment of lean body mass in patients with kidney disease
- Nitrogen balance and energy balance in the CKD
Pathogenesis of malnutrition in CKD patients
Intestinal microbiota alterations and nutritional status in CKD
Diet and acid-base metabolism in CKD
Phosphorus metabolism in CKD, sources of phosphorus in food and additives, controlled phosphorus diets, use of phosphorus chelating agents
Potassium metabolism in chronic kidney disease, vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets, intestinal potassium chelating agents in the diet of patients with CKD
Controlled protein diets (low protein diets) in CKD and conservative treatment (non dialysis) of CKD
Notes on nutrition in patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
Bibliography
Slides of presentations and printed texts/PDF of selected papers and reviews from the literature provided by the teacher
Teaching methods
The course will be held through lectures to Students either in the classroom (“in presenza”) or in synchronous-streaming (“in telepresenza”) on the Teams platform. Therefore, the opportunity of Student/Teacher interaction will be preserved both face to face and remotely, by the simultaneous use of the Teams platform.
Lectures will be supported by slide presentations, which will be available to students on the Elly platform (https://elly2020.medicina.unipr.it/).
Texts from the literature will be made available to the students by the Teacher as PDF files
Assessment methods and criteria
Oral examination, Scale of assessment: 1-30
Oral examination.
In case of the persistence of the health emergency, the exams will be conducted remotely, as follows:
remote oral questions, through the Teams platform (guide http://selma.unipr.it/).
Students with SLD / BSE must first contact Le Eli-che: support for students with disabilities, D.S.A., B.E.S. (https://sea.unipr.it/it/servizi/le-eli-che-supporto-studenti-con-disabilita-dsa-bes)
Other information
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2030 agenda goals for sustainable development
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