Learning objectives
Provide the student with the basic tools and methodology to enable him/her to understand the concepts and contexts for the application of the prevention of infectious and chronic degenerative diseases as well as the fundamentals of the epidemiology applied (concept of risk factor, causality relationship, epidemiological studies).
By means of the frequency module of Occupational Medicine, the student will acquire the ability to apply knowledge about occupational risks in their employment context. Occupational Medicine aims to promote understanding by the health care professional of the possible consequences in terms of health effects of exposure to risk factors in the healthcare environment, including ionizing radiation and the principles of radiation protection. The student will have learned to know and use the personal protective equipment required in the context, as a preventive measure of biological risk. Will learn the reflections of the organization of work on health professionals. Will finally know the meaning of health surveillance and the implications in terms of personal and organizational judgment of suitability for specific tasks. He/she will learn the basics of radiation protection and medical physics.
Acquire the concept of “health promotion” and “health education”.
Provide students with the necessary methodologies for planning, implementation and evaluation of health education and health promotion interventions.
Prerequisites
Curiosity for the world around us
Course unit content
The integrated course provides basic knowledge relating to the design and implementation of health promotion strategies, describing the concept of health as a dynamic, multidimensional, individual and social process.
Health education and promotion in the nursing area are fully reflected in the professional profile of health prevention and, above all, in the development of the concept of health through the documents that have been developed over the years, primarily by the World Health Organization, to promote health through healthy environments and lifestyles. In this perspective, Hygiene and Public Health and epidemiology represent the basis of the cognitive and application methodology of prevention and health promotion
The Occupational Medicine module will complement the contextual knowledge by providing the future healthcare professional with an overview of the main risk factors for safety and health in healthcare facilities, including exposure to ionizing radiation. The student will learn the meaning and limits of the use of personal protective equipment, the meaning of health surveillance for work-related illnesses and work-related diseases
Health education, which is based on widely tested and shared methodologies, is the main tool for promoting health at the level of individuals, groups and communities.
Full programme
General Hygiene and Epidemiology:
Definition of Health and Determinants of health and disease. Methods in epidemiology , Elements of demography.
General epidemiology of communicable diseases ( Reservoir and Source of the infection ; Modes of transmission ). Some epidemiological aspects of non-communicable diseases
The levels of prevention (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary)
General Prevention of communicable diseases ( Notification , Diagnostic assessment ,Isolation and quarantine Disinfection/sterilization , Asepsis ,Antisepsis , Active immunization ,Passive immunization)
General Prevention of non-communicable diseases. The methodology of screening
Highlights in communicable disease prevention (TBC, Influenza, meningitides and measles ,Hepatitis A Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV-AIDS.
Highlights in non-communicable disease prevention ( Cancer disease , Diabetes , Cardiovascular disease
Environmental Hygiene
Food and water-borne disease
Water as a vehicle of infection (pollution and disinfection).
Healthcare associated infections and environmental opportunistic pathogens.
Occupational Medicine and Radiation Protection:
1)Italian Legislation on workers' safety and health protection; the active role of workers in prevention of occupational accidents and occupational diseases. 2) Risk factors and working activity: hazard and risk; personal protective equipments; work illnesses and work-related diseases; hazards and risks in the Health care System. 3)Exposure to biological agents (bio-hazards)at workplace; exposure-prone procedures and the personal protective equipment. 4)Chemical risks: (i) drugs, cleaners, disinfectants; (ii) antineoplastic drugs; (iii) gaseous anesthetics. Allergies to chemicals and devices. 5)Ergonomics of health care work; manual material handling and manual patients handling. The organization as a possible health risk factor; work-related stress. 6) Occupational exposure to ionizing radiations; technical and medical prevention. 7)The health surveillance for health care professionals; preventive and periodical medical examination
Nursing in the Promotion and Health Education:
CONCEPT OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION
• definition of advocacy, empowerment, equity.
MAIN THEORIES AND MODELS FOR HEALTH EDUCATION
• PRECEDE-PROCEED, stages of change, ecological approach, salutogenic approach, theory of social marketing.
TO PROJECT INTERVENTION HEALTH EDUCATION INTERVENTIONS
• Identify problems and needs, define goals, define target population, identify resources, how to fill a project plan template.
EDUCATION HEALTH ADDRESSED TO PATIENT
• tools and methods: counselling, group care
Bibliography
Signorelli C. Igiene e Sanità Pubblica (Secrets, VIII EDIZIONE). SEU, Roma, 2021.
Igiene, Medicina Preventiva, Sanita' Pubblica. Authors: Barbuti, Fara, Giammanco, Baldo, Borella AAVV ,Eds: Edises, 2014
Elementi di Metodologia Epidemiologica. Società Editrice Universo. 2011 (VII Ed).
Educational material provided by the teacher and downloadable from the course website.
Igiene e sanità pubblica, educazione sanitaria. Strategie educative e preventive per il paziente e la comunità. F. Auxilia, M. Pontello, a cura di A. Pellai ed. Piccin 2012
Teaching methods
The course is organized in lectures
Frontal lessons with A-V devices support and classroom discussion
Working group
Assessment methods and criteria
The assessment of the educational objectives of the integrated course is done through a written test on the contents of the courses of General Hygiene and Epidemiology, Occupational Medicine and Radiation Protection and Nursing in health promotion and education and therapeutic education. The test consists of 63 multiple choice questions, each accompanied by 4 answers. There are no penalties for incorrect answers or no answer. Failure to answer is equivalent to an incorrect answer.
The final mark of the integrated course will derive from the weighted average of the marks of the 3 courses, and that failing one of the three courses will necessarily entail having to take all three tests again.
Students with LSD/BSE must contact Le Eli-che in advance: support for students with disabilities, D.S.A., B.E.S. (https://sea.unipr.it/it/servizi/le-eli-che-supporto-studenti-con-disabilita)
Other information
Classroom attendance is highly recommended. Students must attend at least 70% of classes in order to take the exam.
2030 agenda goals for sustainable development
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