Learning objectives
After the course students should be able: - to read a basic biomedical scientific article, understanding its structure; - to manage a simple database, particularly in the field of laboratory medicine; - to do simple tests of inferential and descriptive statistics by using freeware software; to apply basic statistics in biomedical laboratory measures.
Prerequisites
Knowledge of basic mathematics, basic knowledge of English.
Course unit content
The course is strictly related to that of information processing system.
CONTENTS
Definition of statistics. The types of biostatistical studies. Descriptive statistics: qualitative and quantitative variables. Measures of central tendency, dispersion, symmetry for quantitative variables. Arithmetic mean, median, mode. The normal and non-normal distribution. Skewness and Kurtosis. Kolmogorov-Smirnov’s e Shapiro-Wilk’s tests. Elements about binomial distributions. Parametric and Non-Parametric Inferential statistics. The sampling theory and central limit theorem. Hypothesis test on a mean. Constraints and degrees of freedom. T-Student distribution. Repeated and independent measures t-student test. Non-parametric test. The rank. Mann-Whitney’s and Wilkoxon’s tests. The frequency for categorical/qualitative variables. The sampling of categorical variables. 2*2 contingency tables. Chi-square test for independent data. Difference between correlation and regression. Simple linear regression. Correlation coefficient R. Pearson’s and Spearman’s tests.
Full programme
To see Contents.
Bibliography
Classroom slides (uploaded on Elly after 2/3 of the course) are the reference point for the exam. Some further reference books:
- WW Daniel and CL Cross - Biostatistica, concetti di base per l’analisi statistica delle scienze dell’area medico-sanitaria - Ed. EdiSES;
- SA Glantz - Statistica per discipline biomediche - McGraw-Hill;
- JR Taylor – Introduzione all'analisi degli errori – Zanichelli.
Teaching methods
During the classroom lectures the topics of the module program will be illustrated and commented. Each theory argument with mathematical formulae will be explained through simple and practical examples, in order to allow students focusing on basic concepts more than the formulae themselves. Furthermore, the use of the software OPENSTAT/VASSARSTAT in the information processing module will permit to the student to repeat the statistical tests treated during classes for a better comprehension of their use and meaning. Several technical terms will be used both in Italian and in English, to develop student’s independence in reading international scientific literature, especially in the field of biomedical laboratory.
Lectures will be held on-site in compliance with safety standards, provided that further instructions on the ongoing health emergency are not implemented. Supporting material will be available on the specific, student-reserved platform (Elly) and will include slide presentations, audio-video aids or video-recording of the lectures.
Assessment methods and criteria
The verification of the achievement of module objectives is a written test, mainly consisting of questions about the arguments treated during the lessons. The exam will be done together with that of information processing system. It will contain: multiple response quiz, exercises. The grade will be in 30/30 and its weight will be based on the credits of this module respect to those of the integrate course.
Students can perform the exam in pairs, if the exam will be performed in presence.
Other information
None.
2030 agenda goals for sustainable development
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