Learning objectives
General and Applied Hygiene course aims to provide students with the basic knowledge of epidemiology to understand how different diseases occur in the population (causal, favoring, protective, environmental, behavioural factors etc...) and the prevention strategies that can consequently be undertaken.
Prerequisites
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Course unit content
The course contents mainly concern the epidemiological and prevention aspects of infectious and chronic diseases. It is divided into a first general part in which the basic principles of epidemiology and prevention are defined, and then proceeds to analyze more specifically the various aspects and operational tools of these two areas. Particular attention, being health workers, is aimed at prevention measures to be taken in a hospital and care setting relative to biological risk.
Full programme
Epidemiology and general prevention: concept of health and its determinants; epidemiology, data, descriptive and frequency measures (rates, incidence and prevalence), epidemiological studies, association measures. Prevention definition and intervention levels.
Epidemiology of infectious diseases: definition of infectious disease and host-parasite relationships; epidemiological chain, sources, reservoirs, routes of elimination and penetration, transmission, vehicles and vectors; appearance of infectious diseases in the population; general, direct, indirect, specific prevention; sterilization, disinfection and disinfestation.
Specific prevention: active and passive immunoprophylaxis. Vaccines, vaccination objectives, types of vaccines, vaccination strategies, Italian vaccination calendar; main vaccinations available for occupational risk categories. Passive immunoprophylaxis. Chemoprophylaxis (definition and characteristics).
Epidemiology and special prevention of some infections in relation to the transmission modalities: Influenza, Covid 19 and tuberculosis (dropplets and dropplets-nuclei), Hepatitis A (fecal-oral), Hepatitis B and C (parenteral)
Chronic degenerative diseases: only general concepts. Screening.
Biological risk: general concepts and its management. Health-care associated infections
Bibliography
Barbuti, Fara, Giammanco et al. Igiene Medicina Preventiva Sanità Pubblica . Edises (2014)-II Ed.2022.
Pontello, Auxilia. Igiene, Medicina Preventiva e salute globale. Padova: Piccin, 2021.
Signorelli C. Igiene e sanità pubblica. Secrets. domande e risposte. Editore SEU (2021).
Didactic materials available on the specific platform (ELLY).
Teaching methods
The lessons will take place with frontal mode in presence; the explanations of the teacher will be supported by the projection of slides suitably prepared that will also be provided to students as teaching material of study, deposited on the specific platform for access reserved for students (Elly).
During the lessons, students will be directly involved to verify the degree of understanding of the concepts illustrated.
Assessment methods and criteria
The exam will be oral: to verify the level of learning reached the student will be required to be able to revise the basic notions acquired contextualizing them in particular situations or examples.
Students with DSA/BSE must contact the Reception and Inclusion Centre (CAI) of the University in advance.
Other information
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2030 agenda goals for sustainable development
This teaching contributes to realising the UN objectives of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
