Learning objectives
The student will have to acquire the clinical methodology (including history, physical examination and clinical approach) knowledge of the main congenital and acquired diseases of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems and of the other intrathoracic organs, including the indications for the surgical treatment of these pathologies.
Prerequisites
They are the prerequisite the knowledge of the embryology, anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, clinical methodology, laboratory medicine.
Propaedeutic courses are:
• "Clinical Semeiotics".
Course unit content
Respiratory diseases
Lung functions tests (including spirometry, DLCO, arterial blood gas analysis, pulse oximetry, exercise tests of interest to the Pulmonologist).
Methodological approach (including history and physical examination and mediastinal syndromes) to the diagnosis of the adult lung diseases
Pharmacological and non-pharmacological approach of the adult lung diseases (including LTOT and NIV).
Infections of the lower airways and the pleura.
Bronchial asthma, COPD and pulmonary emphysema and lung bullae and dystrophy, bronchiectasis CF and non CF, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary vasculitis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary venous-occlusive syndrome.
Interstitial lung diseases/Diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, pulmonary and pleural tumours.
Pleural effusion, nonsurgical approaches to the pneumothorax, heart and lung, kidney and lung, liver and lung syndromes including diffuse alveolar haemorrhage syndromes, respiratory failure (acute, chronic and acute on chronic).
Thoracic surgery
Pneumothorax, thoracic traumatology, tracheal pathology, oesophageal pathology, mediastinal pathology and their treatment as well as for lung cancer, neoplastic pleural pathology, pleural effusions.
Cardiac surgery
Methodological approach to the diagnosis of the disease of heart and great vessels of the adult and young. Basic surgical techniques for acquired and congenital disease of heart and great vessels.
Cardiovascular diseases
Functional cardiovascular tests.
Clinical and instrumental approach to the diagnosis of the adult cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart disease, heart failure, valvular heart diseases, arrhythmias, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis, pericarditis, arterial hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary thromboembolism, acute and chronic aortic diseases, vascular diseases).
Pharmacological and non-pharmacological approach treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Vascular surgery
Etiology, diagnosis and therapy of the arterial disease (aortic dissections, aortic aneurysms, cerebrovascular insufficiency, celiac-mesenteric insufficiency, limbs acute and chronic ischemia).
Etiology, diagnosis and therapy of the venous disease (chronic venous insufficiency, thrombophlebitis, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism).
Bibliography
Pulmonology (Respiratory Disorders) chapters of the Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, most recent edition, McGraw-Hill (https://learn.mheducation.com/eu-harrisons20.html; https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2129§ionid=159213747 =).
Lectures of the course by slides and syllabus integrations.
Teaching methods
Lectures and clinical cases, problem solving.
Attendance is mandatory. The attendance records of each Integrated Course will be issued following the achievement of at least 75% attendance, as long as the hours attended for each discipline within the Integrated Course are not less than 50%.
Assessment methods and criteria
Assessment will be carried out according to teaching calendar through an Multiple-choice questions final exam (score out of thirty) that verifies the candidate's knowledge level. The evaluation of the final preparation will take into account the commitment shown during the didactic activity period, the level of preparation, the use of proper language in relation to topics and presentation skills. Preparation will be valued at insufficient level if there will be gaps in one or more topics; the achievement of sufficiency will require a not fragmented knowledge of topics.
