Learning objectives
Basic anatomical terminology and knowledege of human body organization including main physiological functions
Prerequisites
Students must possess basic and fundamental notions of Anatomy, cell and tissue biology and biochemistry of the organs and systems which are the topic of this part of the course.
Course unit content
Locomotor system: bone, muscles and joints. Cardiovascular system: heart, pericardium, blood and lymphatic vessels, limphnodes, spleen. Digestive system: oral cavity and salivary glands, farinx, esophagous, stomach, small and large bowel, liver, gall bladder and biliary tract, pancreas, peritoneum. Respiratory system: superior and inferior air tracts, lungs and pleura. Urinary system: kidney (macro and microscopic anatomy), ureteres, bladder and urethra. Endocrine system: morphofuncitonal anatomy of endocrine glands. Male and female genital system: (macro and microscopic anatomy). General organization of the central (medulla, encephalon) and peripheral (spinal and cranial nerves) system. Sensory and motor pathways.
Full programme
Locomotor system: bone, muscles, and joints;
Cardiovascular system: heart, pericardium, arteries and veins of cardiac circulation, lymphatics, lymphnodes, spleen.
Digestive system: oral cavity, salivary glands, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, peritoneum;
Respiratory tract: superior and inferior respiratory tracts, lungs, pleurae;
Urinary system: kidney, urether, urinary bladder, urethra;
Endocrine system: endocrine glands and their morphofunctional structure;
Reproductive system: male and female, macroscopic and microscopic anatomy, ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina, penis, testes;
General organization of the central nervous (encephalon, medulla) and autonomic (spinal nerves, cranial nerves) systems. Sensitivity and motor pathways.
1)Physiology of the central nervous system:
- Basic anatomy and functional properties of neurons.
-Action potentials.
-Synapses and receptors.
-Sensory organs and receptors.
-Organization of the somatosensory system.
-Organization of the motor system.
-Spinal reflexes.
-Organization of motor and somatosensory cortices. Somatotopy.
2) Physiology of the cardiovascular system:
- Miocardial properties: rhythm, conduction, excitability, contraction.
- Heart electrophysiology. Ionic theories of resting and action potentials.
- Electrocardiogram.
- Heart mechanics and the cardiac cycle.
- Cardiac output.
- Intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of heart activity.
- The vascular system.
- Blood pressure
3) Physiology of the respiratory apparatus:
- Chest and respiration muscles.
- Lung volumes and capacities.
- Mechanics of breathing.
- Blood-tissue gas exchange in the lung and in peripheral tissues.
- Blood transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
4) Physiology of Renal Function:
- The kidney: structural and functional properties. Kidney vascularization.
- Glomerular filtration.
- Tubular functions.
Bibliography
Anatomia dell'Uomo 2° ed. (Ambrosi et al.) Ed. Edi-Ermes;
Assessment methods and criteria
Written test with multiple choices
