Learning objectives
Provide students with the basic concepts of the rational use of dental biomaterials. In particular, the student must know in detail the physical and chemical laws that are the basis of the use of biomaterials. He must also know the principles of practical clinical use in every branch of dentistry conservative and restorative dentistry.
Course unit content
to give knowledge and stress the importance of the following arguments:
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF PHYSICS AND METALLURGY
Elasticity and Hooke's law. Individual forces and moments developed by steel wires in the three planes of space. Biofunctionality and biocompatibility. Solid body; stutture crystal; elementary cells, lattices. point defects, linear, extended. dendrites, precipitates, eutectic. -Metals and alloys. cohesive gold. phase diagrams. system-au cu. noble alloys. alloys for removable dentures, for metal-ceramics. steels. titanium. alloys Ni-Ti shape memory. system ag-sn. amalgams, phase 2, the components minority dimensional variation, mechanical and chemical properties, toxicity. properties of alloys. elastic deformation; resilience. hardness. chemical and electrochemical corrosion in the oral cavity.
IMPRESSION MATERIALS
elastic and non-elastic. composition and properties of plaster, wax, zinc oxide and eugenol paste. variation of hardness with the method of polymeric materials from shore to imprint during the reaction. reproducibility of the detail of impression materials. Reversible and irreversible hydrocolloids. sodium alginate; composition, setting reaction and properties. agar and its properties, properties of impression materials: dimensional variation, reproducibility of detail, hardness, wettability, adhesion, tear strength, viscosity, viscoelasticity, elastic recovery, permanent deformation, thixotropy. model voigt-maxwell
CEMENT.
cements phosphoric acid calcium hydroxide cements, silicate cements, cements the EBA. triossidi cements. -
Glass ionomers.
gic glass ionomers. salification reaction. the resin-modified glass ionomers rmgic; mechanisms of polymerization and hardening the glass ionomer triple-reaction. the glassy materials filling. reinforcing cariostatici. state diagram of ternary systems. microstructure and nanostructure. proton attack and fluoride release. dimensional variation, hardness, porosity, swelling in the mouth.
POLYMERS IN DENTISTRY
structure and general properties. properties of macromolecules. length, weight, and average size of a macromolecule. the macromolecule in solution and in the condensed state. amorphous and crystalline polymers. models of creep and viscoelasticity in the amorphous phase. mobility of macromolecules. stages of the polymerization. -Polycondensation. polysulfides, silicones by condensation composition and reaction. -Polyaddition. mechanisms of polyaddition. polivinilsilossani; polyethers; composition and reaction.
THE MATERIALS IN ORTHODONTICS
An outline of the historical evolution of the product category in orthodontics. The brackets and bands. Various techniques: the clutch and non-clutch, continuous and segmented arches. The pre-information. Steels, NiTi alloys, Co-Cr alloys, alloys thermal transition phase. Concepts of stiffness, strength and range. Theory of the loops.
Thermoplastic and thermosetting resins.
polymethylmethacrylate. resins for dental implants. resins based on polymethylmethacrylate termopolimerizzabili, self-curing, polymerizable microwave. hardening reaction properties. transitions of the first and second order. resins for rebasing of dentures. -Composite resins. nomenclature. composition.
COMPOSITE
based bisfenologlicidilmetacrilato. the reinforcing. Micro-filled composites. hybrid composites. curing mechanisms, self-activation; photoactivation. the system activator-initiator. polymerization by irradiation. the system camphorquinone-tertiary amine. degree of conversion polymer. color. hue, brightness, saturation. Munsell system .. primary and secondary colors. Additive and subtractive combination. system c.i.e ici chromaticity diagram •. practical exercises:
LIGHT BLUE.
Bibliography
G. SPOTO e A.A. VARI.: M. MATERIOALI E TECNOLOGIE ODONTOSTOMATOLOGICHE. ED. ARIESDUE 2002
SIMIONATO. SCIENZA DEI MATERIALI DENTARI, ED. PICCIN 1995, VOL. 1 E 2
CRAIG. MATERIALI PER L’ODONTOIATRIA RESTAURATIVA, ED. MASSON, 1997.
NEGRI, DELLA VENTURA, ERAMO. MATERIALI DENTARI, ED. USES, 1992.
Teaching methods
Lectures supplemented by discussion of topics in order to train students in critical skills on the topics and to provide them with knowledge of the dental materials useful in diagnosing and treat dental pathologies and thus have an important aid to solve the specific problems of professional dentists.
Assessment methods and criteria
Oral examination in order to ensure the quality and level of knowledge and understanding of the course content and the ability to apply the acquired knowledge to professional practice. The trial will also evaluate the quality of student participation in class.
