Learning objectives
The student should acquire basic knowledge on bacterial and mycological cells
and on viruses and immune phenomena.
Prerequisites
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Course unit content
Bacteriology
Shape, dimensions, spatial arrangement. Structure of the cell
prokaryotic: nucleus, cytoplasm, cytoplasmic inclusions, ribosomes,
plasmids, cytoplasmic membrane, mesosomi, bacterial cell wall, flagella,
organs of adhesion capsule antigens. Protoplasts, spheroplasts, forms L. The
Spore: sporogenesis, the structure of the spore germination, meaning
biological.
Nutrition, metabolism and bacterial cultivation strategies defined on the
the basis of different intrinsic needs. Reproduction: the growth curve.
Criteria for bacterial identification and taxonomy.
Bacterial genetics: mutations, recombinations (transformation,
conjugation and transduction), converting phage, plasmids and R islands
pathogenicity. Biotechnology: Concepts and basic techniques of engineering
genetics. Concept of pathogenicity: virulence, infectivity, receptivity,
infection, disease, concept of healthy carrier; pathogenicity factors.
Molecular techniques applied to microbiological diagnostics. Genesis and
evolution of an infectious disease: primary lesion, dissemination,
t ro p i s m s. Understanding the disinfection. Antibiotics: classes and mechanisms
of action.
MYCOLOGY
General characteristics of fungi. Pathogenic action of fungi and main
pathogens of interest in veterinary medicine. Immune response to
fungal infections. Antifungal and anti-fungal.
VIROLOGY
Chemical composition, size, structure of the virus symmetry cubicaelicoidale,
complex, capsid, capsomeres, peplos, peplomers.
Bacteriophages. Interaction of viruses with eukaryotic cells:
adsorption, penetration, replication, maturation, liberation.
Cultivation: tissue culture, cell culture, animal receptive, eggs
embryos.
Virus Titration: physical methods, biological and by
haemoagglutination.
Taxonomic Characteristics of DNA viruses and RNA. Unconventional infectious agents.
IMMUNOLOGY
Nonspecific mechanisms of protection of the skin and mucous membranes. Phagocytosis:
phagocytes professionals and occasional osponine, the dynamics of phagocytosis,
fate of phagocytosed microorganisms, the consequences of survival.
Antigens: physico-chemical determinants or epitopes, haptens and carriers,
immunogenicity, antigen-depedent thymus-independent ones.
Humoral immunity: primary and secondary lymphoid organs, classes of lymphocytes,
production of antibodies, structures and classes of immunoglobulins,
their distribution.
Local immunity and cell-mediated. Primary and secondary response,
memory, recirculation of lymphocytes. Active immunity: infection,
vaccination, vaccine types, routes of administration. Immunity
passive transplacental, colostrum, from-immune sera. Complement:
components, via classical, alternative and properdinic activation,
their f u n t i o n s.
Interferons: classes, production, biological significance in antiviral defense
and in the immune response delayed. Hypersensitivity. Serological reactions : precipitation, agglutination, hemagglutination and its
inhibition, neutralization, complement fixation,
immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay and
enzyme immunoassay techniques
PRACTICAL TEACHING
Bacterial cell wall and the Gram staining. Architecture of the spore and
staining of Shaeffer and Fulton. Structure of the capsule and color
by ink. Various biochemical and enzymatic tests (oxidase,
catalase, urease, TSI, lysine and ornithine decarboxylase, esculinase, nitrates reduction, chemical Gram). Rapid slide agglutination and latex one.
API Identification system. Various techniques of sowing of liquid medium and
solid. Susceptibility test (Kirby Bauer Techique) and MIC. Structure and coloration of Saccharomyces
cerivisiae. Microscopic examination of Malassezia,.
Uultivation of virus in cell culture and embryonated eggs. Evaluation of different cytopathic effects. Titration of virus using hemagglutination and
lysis plaques method.
Full programme
Bacteriology
Shape, dimensions, spatial arrangement. Structure of the cell
prokaryotic: nucleus, cytoplasm, cytoplasmic inclusions, ribosomes,
plasmids, cytoplasmic membrane, mesosome, bacterial cell wall, flagella,
organs of adhesion capsule antigens. Protoplasts, spheroplasts, forms L. The
Spore: sporogenesis, the structure of the spore, germination, biological meaning.
Nutrition, metabolism and bacterial cultivation strategies defined on the
the basis of different intrinsic needs. Reproduction: the growth curve.
Criteria for bacterial identification and taxonomy.
Bacterial genetics: mutations, recombinations (transformation,
conjugation and transduction), converting phage, plasmids and R one, islands
pathogenicity. Biotechnology: Concepts and basic techniques of engineering
genetics. Concept of pathogenicity: virulence, infectivity, receptivity,
infection, disease, concept of healthy carrier; pathogenicity factors.
Molecular techniques applied to microbiological diagnostics. Genesis and
evolution of an infectious disease: primary lesion, dissemination,
tropisms.
Understanding the disinfection. Antibiotics: classes and mechanism
of action.
MYCOLOGY
General characteristics of fungus. Pathogenic action of fungus and main
pathogens of interest in veterinary medicine. Immune response to
fungal infections. Strategy to fight fungal infection.
Virology
Chemical composition, size, structure of the virus symmetry cubicaelicoidale,
complex, capsid, capsomeres, peplos, peplomers.
Bacteriophages. Interaction of viruses with eukaryotic cells:
adsorption, penetration, replication, maturation, liberation.
Cultivation: tissue culture, cell culture, animal receptive, eggs
embryos.
T itolazionedeivirus: metodifisici, biologiciemediante
hemagglutination.
Taxonomic Characteristics of DNA viruses and RNA. Infectious agents
unconventional.
IMMUNOLGY
Nonspecific mechanisms of protection of the skin and mucous membranes. Phagocytosis:
phagocytes professionals and occasional osponine, the dynamics of phagocytosis,
fate of phagocytosed microorganisms, the consequences of survival.
Antigens: digit value physico-chemical determinants or epitopes, haptens and carriers,
immunogenicity, antigen-dipedenti thymus-independent and thymus.
Humoral immunity: primary and secondary lymphoid organs, classes of lymphocytes,
production of antibodies, structures and classes of immunoglobulins,
distribution.
Local immunity and cell-mediated. Primary and secondary response,
memory, recirculation of lymphocytes. Active immunity: infection,
vaccination, vaccine types, routes of administration. Immunity
passive transplacental, colostrum, from-immune sera. Complement:
components, via classical, alternative and properdinica activation,
functions.
Interferons: classes, production, biological significance in antiviral defense
and in the immune response delayed. Hypersensitivity. Reactions
Serologic: precipitation, agglutination, hemagglutination and its
inhibition, neutralization, fissazionedelcompleme nto,
immunofluorescence, tecnicheradioimmunolo gichee
immunoassays.
PRACTICAL TEACHING
Bacterial cell wall and the Gram stain. Architecture of the spore and
staining Shaeffer and Fulton. Structure of the capsule and color
by ink. Various biochemical and enzymatic tests (oxidase,
catalase, urease, TSI, lysine and ornithine decarboxylase, esculinasi, reduction
nitrates, chemical Gram). Rapid slide agglutination and latex.
Identification system API. Various techniques of sowing of liquid medium and
solid. Susceptibility and MIC. Structure and coloration of Saccharomyces
cerivisiae. Microscopic examination of Malassezia. Cultivation of
virus in cell culture and embryonated eggs. Evaluation of different effects
cytopathic. Titration of virus using hemagglutination and method
lysis plaques.
Bibliography
Abbas A.K. et alt. Cellular and molecular immunology. Elsevier 2010
Poles at elt. Veterinary microbiology and immunology. UTET 2009.
Brock Biology of microorganisms (volumes 1, 2, 3) Pearson 2012.
Teaching methods
The entire didactic activity involving the use of slide (the material
will be made available at the end of the course online)
Practical activities will be carried out in the laboratory for bacteriological purposes
Assessment methods and criteria
The student will be able to manage the process necessary to
taxonomically classify a microorganism (both clinical origin
that coming from a food substrate). The final exam will be
entirely oral
Other information
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