Learning objectives
At the completion of the course the student will be requiered to know the structure of the cells and of the human supracellular units (namely tissues, multi-tissue units and morpho-functional units), of the human organs and of the human aparatuses and systems.
Course unit content
<br />1. The cell, structural unit of all living organisms.<br />Structural aspects on light and electron microscopy of the cells and their organelles. <br />The human supracellular units, namely tissues, multi-tissue units and morpho-functional units. The most important units of measurement used in histology. <br />Stem and differentiated cells.<br />2. Epithelial tissues.<br />a) Covering epithelia: classification. Form and characteristics of epithelial cells.<br />b) Glandular epithelia: structure of the glands of the body.<br /> <br />3. Tropho-mechanical tissues.<br />a) Connective tissues: their three classes of components: cells, fibers and ground substance.<br />b) Adipose tissues: unilocular adipose tissue and multilocular adipose tissue.<br />c) Cartilage: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage and fibrocartilage.<br />d) Bone tissues: bone cells, bone matrix, type of bone, bone growth and remodelling.<br />e) Blood and lymph: serum, plasma and formed elements of blood.<br /> <br />4. Nervous tissue.<br />a) Nervous tissue of the central nervous system: neurons, cell body, dendrites and axon. Synaptic communication. Membrane potentials. White and grey matter. Glial cells.<br />b) Nervous tissue of the peripheral nervous system: nerve fibers, nerves and ganglia.<br /> <br />5. Muscle tissues.<br />a) Striated skeletal muscle tissue: organization of skeletal muscle fibers.<br />b) Striated cardiac muscle tissue: organization of cardiac muscle fibers.<br />c) Smooth muscle tissue: organization of smooth muscle fibers.<br />
Bibliography
P. Govoni – Citologia e Istologia – Nuova Edizione 2006 - Ed. Libreria Universitaria Santa Croce