Learning objectives
<br />The course is designed to give the students the methods for studying the morphological and functional organization of the human body and in particular of: the cell, the tissues, the organs, with an overview of embryology; the anatomy and the physiology of the human body, with special emphasis on the cardio-respiratory, urinary and nervous systems.
Course unit content
<br />Anatomy and Physiology of the Locomotor System:<br />Classification of the bones, joints and muscles.<br />Bones, joints and muscles of the axial system (skull, spine, thorax and pelvis) and of the limbs.<br />Anatomy and Physiology of the Cardiovascular System<br />Gross anatomy of the Heart and of the main arteries and veins.<br />The properties of the miocardium: autorithmicity, conductibility, excitability, contractility.<br />Elements of cardiac electrophysiology: ionic theories of the action potential.<br />The electrocardiogram.<br />The mechanical events of the cardiac cycle.<br />The cardiac output<br />The intrinsic and extrinsic regulation of the cardiac activity.<br />The vascular system .<br />The arterial pressure.<br />Anatomy of the Digestive Tract<br />Gross Anatomy of the organs of the GI tract, liver and pancreas.<br />Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System<br />Systematic anatomy of the upper and lower airways, lungs and pleurae.<br />The thorax and the respiratory muscles.<br />The pulmonary volumes.<br />The respiratory mechanics.<br />The alveolo-capillary exchanges of the gases. The gaseous exchanges in the tissues.<br />Carriage of the oxygen and the carbon dioxide in the blood.<br />Anatomy and Physiology Urinary System<br />Gross and microscopic anatomy of the Kidney, Ureters and urinary bladder, urethra.<br />Glomerular filtration.<br />Tubular secretion and absorption in the different segments.<br />Regulation of the hydro-salty balance sheet.<br />Anatomy of the Endocrine System<br />Anatomy of the hypophysis, Thyroid and Adrenal glands.<br />General organization of the reproductive system in the male and female. <br />Anatomy and Physiology of the Nervous System:<br />General anatomical organization of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System. Brain, cerebellum, spinal cord, cranial nerves, plexuses.<br />The action potential.<br />Synapses and receptors.<br />Somatic sensibility and receptors (the corpuscle of the Pacini).<br />Organization of the somatic systems.<br />Organization of the motor systems.<br />The spinal reflexes.<br />Organization of the motor and sensory cortical areas. Somatotopy.
Bibliography
1. P. Govoni – Appunti e Tavole di Istologia – Ed. Libreria Universitaria Santa Croce.<br />2. P. Govoni – Appunti e Tavole di Embriologia– Ed. Libreria Universitaria Santa Croce.<br />3. P. Carinci et al.- CITOLOGIA & ISTOLOGIA UMANA; Idelson-Gnocchi<br />4. R.A. Bergman, A.K. Afifi, P.M. Heidger jr – ISTOLOGIA; EdiSES<br />5. L. Junqueira, Carneiro, Kelley - COMPENDIO DI ISTOLOGIA; Ed. Piccin<br />6 -Di Prampero – Fisiologia dell’Uomo. Edi-Ermes.<br />7 -F.H. Martini, Anatomia Umana EdiSES (http://www.edises.it)
