Learning objectives
Goal of the course is to transfer to the students practical concepts of Anatomy; in this way the students will have useful knowledges to confront the clinical and inspective subjects. So the concepts of Regional Anatomy and Visceral topography will be studied by means a theoretical study and then they will be investigated by means a practical study.
The final aim of the course is to make transparent the animal, so the bistoury and the modern diagnostic instruments could proceed safetly among the different anatomical structures.
1-KNOWLEDGE AND COMPRHENSION CAPACITY: at the end of the training activity the student must demonstrate to have accurate knowledge of applied anatomy, to organize and discuss about specific organs located within a cavity.
D2-CAPACITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND COMPREHENSION: at the end of the training activity the student will have to prove that he is able to project all deep structures on the body surface as if the surface of the animal body was transparent.
D3-AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: At the end of the training activity the student will be able to evaluate the ideal site where to carry out clinical or ispective examinations on the animal body.
D4-COMMUNICATION SKILLS: at the end of the training activity the student will have to demonstrate that he is able to express himself clearly with appropriate terms in the description of body regions and visceral topography.
D5-LEARNING CAPACITY: At the end of the training activity, the student will be able to independently learn topographical and visceral projection concepts based on new scientific knowledge regarding medical, surgical and ispective methodologies.
Prerequisites
Previous course in Normal Veterinary Anatomy is compulsory.
Course unit content
In the first part of the course will be treated arguments of Regional Anatomy, that are the regions of the domestic mammals body, in particular of carnivora, erbivora and pigs. The regions will be studied considering: limits, relations, layer relations, vascularization and innervation.
In the second part of the course, the topography of organs of different apparatuses of the species above mentioned will be treated. The topography, the relations with other organs and the superficial proiection on the animal body will be studied.
In the third part of the course basic knowledges of anatomy of birds, fishes, mollusca and crostacea will be furnished.
Finally concepts of functional neuroanatomy will be treated.
Full programme
Bibliography
Merighi A.: "Anatomia applicata e Topografia
regionale veterinaria".
Ed. Piccin
Popesko P.: “Atlante di Anatomia Topografica degli Animali Domestici"
Ed. Grasso & Edimediche,
Budras K.D. “Anatomy of Dog”
Ed. Schlutersche
Boyd J.S. “Atlante a colori di Anatomia Clinica del Cane e del Gatto”
Ed. Masson
Done S.H.: Atlante di Anatomia Veterinaria” Ed. Utet
Teaching methods
The course is divided in theoretical (60 hours) and practical (20 hours) activities.
Considering the status of the health emergency the lectures could be done either in the classroom (“in presenza”) or in synchronous-streaming (“in telepresenza”) on the Teams platform. Therefore, the opportunity of Student/Teacher interaction will be preserved both face to face and remotely, by the simultaneous use of the Teams platform. The method of carrying out the practical lessons will also be subject to the assessment of the health emergency situation. In case of the persistence of the health emergency, also the practical lessons will be conducted remotely, in synchronous-streaming (“in telepresenza”) on the Teams platform using integrative teaching methods such as video dissection, stratigraphic analysis by means of 3D anatomy software, anatomical preparations present in the Veterinary Anatomical Museum, discussion forum and project work.
In case of carrying out the practical activities in the sector Anatomy room, the student will stratigraphically analyse cadavers of carnivora, ruminants, pigs, hens and equine foetuses and parts of equine cadavers such as hands and feet. The aims of practical activities are:
to evaluate the morphology and the limits of the superficial regions;
to make a dissection of the different regions to evaluate their stratigraphy;
to make in evidence the vascularization and innervation of limbs;
to highlight the projection areas of different organs in the body surface;
to make an opening of the different body cavities to evaluate in situ the topography of different organs.
The student can also use the anatomical preparation of the Anatomy Museum.
Assessment methods and criteria
Examination of expected learning outcomes from the various indicators is performed by oral final exam, although some of the expected learning outcomes will be tested, but not evaluated, during practical exercitation on animal cadavers. During the examination the student must describe the anatomical preparation of Anatomical Museum. The student must have good knowledges about the body division in regions and about the stratigraphy of different regions. The student must have good knowledges about the organization of different cavities and of the topography of organs. The student must have good knowledges about the projection of different organs on the body surface. Finally the student must have basic knowledges about the birds and fishes anatomy and about applicate neuroanatomy. The achievement of the objective of knowledge and understanding of the contents and the ability to apply the acquired knowledge (D1, D2) will be verified through questions concerning the program and the detailed readings indicated. In formulating the answers, the student should demonstrate an adequate scientific language proficiency and a proper reasoning skills by linking together different aspect of the topic (D3, D4). The grade of the exam is the result of the mediated evaluation of the student's answers to the proposed questions. The exam will be do in the scheduled exams date. The grade of the exam is the result of the mediated evaluation of the student's answers to the proposed questions. In case of the persistence of the health emergency, the exams will be conducted remotely, through remote oral questions, through the Teams platform (guide http://selma.unipr.it/). Students with SLD / BSE must first contact Le Eli-che: support for students with disabilities, D.S.A., B.E.S. (https://sea.unipr.it/it/servizi/le-eli-che-supporto-studenti-con-disabilita-dsa-bes)
Other information
This course which is both practical and theoretical will be carried out via power point presentation, anatomical preparation, using the “3D Anatomy” software (Biosphera) which allows the student to virtually dissect horse, dog, cat, bird and rat and finally using web resources. It needs to be clarified that the materials used are only permitted to be seen and projected and cannot be supplied due to copyright laws.
An important learning tool is the “3D Anatomy” software (Biosphera)which is available to the students of the course at the Anatomy Museum as well as the large number of anatomical preparations.
The complete course program, study support records, open source web link will all be made available to the students via the dedicated portal. (Elly:https://elly.veterinaria.unipr.it/)
