Learning objectives
1. A good understanding of the ethological approach to behavioral studies and of genetic, epigenetic, hormonal and neurochemical basis of behavior in an evolutionary perspective as well as of their implications for clinical and psychological practice.
2. Capability to integrate the different levels of causal and functional analysis of behavior and to apply a scientific observational method to behavioural analysis.
3.. The ability to fully understand and criticize scientific and technical literature in the field of behavioral biology and to develop critical reasoning of behavioural data and their interpretations.
4. To develop their ability to present scientific work in a clear and concise manner and to effectively communicate scientific
advances in the field of behavioural analysis to a non-specialist or to a professional audience as well as their ethical and social implications.
Prerequisites
Basic knowledge of Biology, genetics and neurosciences
Course unit content
The course of is an integrated course comprising 2 modules: Biological Bases of Behavior and Evolutionary Psychobiology
Full programme
A. Behavioral Biology (prof. P. Palanza, 5 cfu)
1. Evolution, genes and environment: “Nature via Nurture”. Introduction: Human Evolution, genes, Hormones, neurotrasmitters. History and scope of ethology; Tinbergen's 4 questions. Ethograms and the comparative approach; methods of behavioral observation, fixed action patterns and releasers. Individual and social learning. Genetics of behavior. Konrad Lorenz and the Imprinting Theory.
2. The useless instinct-learning debate.: Genetic and epigenetic factors in behavioral development. Epigenetic effects of maternal cares in animal models and their implications for the theory of Attachment and developmental neuropsychiatric disorders.
3. Sex differences in behavior: expression, development and adaptive significance. Parental Investment, sexual selection and mating systems: ecological pressures and neuroendocrine mechanisms.
4. Social systems, ecology and neuroendocrine basis: “The social brain” hypothesis and the role of oxytocin. Aggression, social hierarchy and social stress. Cooperation, altruism and eusociality. Parental cares and Parent-offspring conflict.
5. An evolutionary approach to neuro-psychiatric disorders: Darwinian psychiatry. Experimental models of psychiatric disorders.
Evolutionary Psicobiology (Prof. Davide Ponzi, 3 cfu)
1. Evolution, Natural selection, sexual selection and life history theory: concepts
2. Evolutionary psychobiology of aggression: Functions and mechanisms
Neurobiology of aggression
Behavioral endocrinology of aggression
Human evolution, culture and aggressive behavior
3. Evolutionary psychobiology of psychosocial stress
Bibliography
TText book
-Alcock. Ethology: un Evolutionary approach.
- Palanza e Parmigiani. Appunti di Biologia del Comportamento e psicobiologia della sessualita'. Libreria Santa Croce
-Buss.Evolutionary Psychology.
- Scientific papers as suggested by the teacher and posted on the course website (Elly)
Additional Readings:
-- Ridley M. Nature via Nurture. The Agile Gene: How Nature Turns on Nurture. Harper Perennial.
- Ridely M. The red queen. Harper
- Hrdy S. Mother Nature. Ballantine books
Teaching methods
The course will be held through lectures to Students either in the classroom (“in presenza”) or in synchronous-streaming (“in telepresenza”) on the Teams platform. Therefore, the opportunity of Student/Teacher interaction will be preserved both face to face and remotely, by the simultaneous use of the Teams platform.
Lectures will be supported by slide presentations, videos annd scientific papers which will be available to students on the Elly platform (https://elly2020.medicina.unipr.it).
During lectures the state of the art, concepts and experiments in the research field of Ethology and Psychobiology, by stressing out the specifics of ethological approach and methods. The lectures will be in an interactive format and students are strongly encouraged to ask questions and insert comments. We will watch and analyse videos on animal behaviour (including humans) to practice behavioral analysis methods. Group discussion of scientific papers and specific issues.
Assessment methods and criteria
A final comprehensive exam for all the integrated course will be written with 40 multiple choice questions (0,4 for each correct answer) and 4 open questions (scored 0-4; 0= no answer; 1= very partial answer answer; 2= psrtial answer; 3= correct answer with inaccuracies; 4 correct answer with appropriate language).The written test consists of 40 multiple choice, short-answer or T-F questions, and free-answers tests based on the course contents (reference texts + documents uploaded to Elly during the course). There is no penalty for incorrect answers. The final mark will correspond to the arithmetic average of the assessments obtained in the written test.
In case of persistence of the health emergency, the exams will be conducted remotely, as
a multiple choice written test folllowed by an oral exam (by Teams and Elly).
In this case the final score is calculated on the basis of the test and the oral exam scores.
Students with SLD / BSE must first contact Le Eli-che: support for students with disabilities, D.S.A., B.E.S. (https://sea.unipr.it/it/servizi/le-eli-che-supporto-studenti-con-disabilita-dsa-bes)
Other information
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2030 agenda goals for sustainable development
3, 4, 5
