Learning objectives
The objectives of course are to enable the acquisition of knowledge and
understanding the mechanism of proliferation and cell death, the mechanism of
response to injury (inflammation, hemostasis, tissue repair), the pathogenesis of
some human genetic diseases, the biological characteristics of the tumors, as well
as the essential mechanisms of the immune response.
The course allows the student to apply the knowledge and understanding gained in
the professional future.
Prerequisites
Sufficient knowledge of biology, anatomy, biochemistry and physiology are needed
to address the topics of the course.
Course unit content
The course of General Pathology is designed to provide the basic knowledge of the
main causes of the human diseases. The student will acquire knowledge related to
alteration of cell growth and cell death, cellular and molecular oncology, genetic
diseases, deafness, general features of acute and chronic inflammation, blood
deseases and alterations of hemostasis. Basic knowledge of Immunology.
Full programme
Cellular Pathology: Cellular alterations of growth and differentiation. Hyperplasia,
hypertrophy, atrophy, metaplasia, dysplasia. Necrosis and apoptosis.
Oncology: classification and nomenclature; Benignant and malignant
Programma esteso Basi biologiche. Proliferazione e differenziamento cellulare. Morte cellulare per
necrosi ed apoptosi. Adattamenti cellulari della crescita e del differenziamento:
iperplasia, ipertrofia, aplasia, metaplasia, displasia.
Tumori: classificazione e nomenclatura, differenze tra tumori benigni e maligni;
cause dei tumori, cenni di oncologia molecolare, invasività e metastasi; patogenesi
delle malattie neoplastiche, grading e staging.
Il sangue: Composizione e cellule. Fisiopatologia generale del sangue. Anemie.
Leucemie e linfomi.
Patologia genetica: mutazioni; malattie monogeniche (con esempi di malattie
autosomiche dominanti, autosomiche recessive, legate al sesso); anomalie
cromosomiche. Sordità genetiche.
Patologia dell'emostasi: fasi dell'emostasi; malattie emorragiche; trombosi ed
embolie; infarti.
Infiammazione: segni e fenomeni dell'infiammazione acuta, meccanismi di
formazione dell'essudato; tipi di essudato; fagocitosi; infiammazione cronica e
granulomi; mediatori chimici dell'infiammazione; effetti sistemici dell'infiammazione
e la febbre; riparazione tissutale.
Cenni di Immunologia.
tumors; Tumor aetiology; Fundamentals in molecular oncology; invasivity and
metastasis; pathogenesis of neoplastic diseases. Grading and staging.
The blood: composition, cells, general pathophysiology. Anemia and Thalassemia
syndromes. Leukemia and lymphoma. Phases and event of the haemostatic
response. Hemorrhagic disorders; thrombosis and embolism; infarction.
Inflammation: events of acute inflammation; the exudate; types of exudate;
phagocytosis; chronic inflammation and granulomas; chemical mediators of
inflammation; systemic effects of inflammation and fever; tissue repair.
Genetic disorders: mutations; monogenic diseases: examples of autosomic
dominant, autosomic recessive and X-linked disorders; cytogenetic disorders.
Genetic deafness
Basic knowledge of the Immune System.
Bibliography
J. Maier “Patologia Generale e Fisiopatologia per le professioni sanitarie” second edition, McGraw-Hill
Teaching methods
The topics in the program will be presented and discussed through lectures trying to
involve the student so that it can be an active part of the lesson.
Assessment methods and criteria
Learning outcomes will be verified through an oral examination. Questions on the
topics relating to the course will be used to test knowledge and understanding of the
student in the scientific discipline, and her/his ability to apply such knowledge and
understanding in occupational contexts. Using the knowledge also acquired in other
courses the student must demonstrate knowledge and understanding about the
etio-pathogenetic mechanisms of human diseases with their related essential
notions of semeiotic and medical terminology.
Other information
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2030 agenda goals for sustainable development
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