Learning objectives
<br />Rates of organic reactions can be enhanced and selectivities can frequently be improved by using many techniques besides catalysis. They can be used individually, in various combinations (usually binary) or as supplements to catalysis. These techniques are classified as process intensification. <br />In this course an attempt to cover the use of some of these techniques for facilitating organic reactions or enhancing their rates is provided.
Course unit content
<br />Starting knowledge required: chemical kinetics principles, the rate expressions.<br />Flow systems. Molar balances for chemical reactors: Batch reactor, flow reactor, CSTR and PFR.<br />Industrial reactors. Isothermal conditions.<br />Calculations of reactor volume and residence time: Batch reactor, flow reactor, CSTR and PFR. Comparison of CSTR and PFR and their combinations.<br />Multiple reactions. Selectivity problems.<br />The energy balance and temperature effects on the CSTR and PFR. Steady-state conditions. Multistage adiabatic conditions.<br />Non-ideal reactors.<br />Multiphase reactions, biphasic reactions and reactors. Phase transfer reactions.<br />Multifunctional reactors: extractive reactions, distillative reactions.<br />Organic synthesis in supercritical fluids.<br />
Bibliography
<br />Chemical Reaction Engineering<br />O. Levenspiel<br />John Wiley & Sons, Inc.<br />The Engineering of Chemical Reactions<br />L. D. Schmidt<br />Oxford University Press<br />Organic Synthesis Engineering<br />L. K. Doraiswamy<br />Oxford University Press
