Learning objectives
The student is expected to learn the systems for the rehabilitation and treatment of functional amblyopia and forms of convergence insufficiency as well as orthoptic treatment in alterations of the extrinsic ocular motility, and basic principles of low vision management.
Prerequisites
Course unit content
- Treatment of functional ambylopia;
- Occlusive treatment: total, partial or maintenance with filters;
- Treatment with penalisation: pharmacological or optical;
- Treatment of convergence insufficiency: fusional vergencie with prisme, phisiological diplopia, fusional amplitude measured with synoptophore;
- Therapy for accomodative convergent strabismus with high AC/A;
- Accomodative relaxation exercises with red filter, phisiological diplopia and bar reading, fusional vergences in divergence, fusional amplitude in divergence with the synoptophore's arms placed at the patient's angle of deviation;
- Nygstasmus treatment: external base prisms if the blok is in convergence, homologous base prisms in presence of torticollis with nystagmus stop;
- Prismatic treatment of both paralytic strabismus and decompensated convergent with single binocular vision.
- management of low vsion conditions
Full programme
Bibliography
Gunter K. Von Noorten: 'Visione binoculare e motilità oculare', Ed.Medical Books
M. Maione, G. Maraini: 'L'unità visiva sensorio-motoria", Ed. Libreria Goliardica (PR)
Teaching methods
Lectures and practices. The student will attend the orthotic center of the UOC Ophthalmology of the University Hospital of Parma, where, through activities with tutors, will be addressed and discussed clinical cases of squint and amblyopia. Due to the emergency situation the lessons could also take place remotely (synchronously / asynchronously) using Microsoft Teams.
Assessment methods and criteria
Examination modalities of the integrated course
Other information
