Learning objectives
ANIMAL PRODUCTION MODULE
D1 – Knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will be able to Know and understand:
1. The essential elements of the techniques of production of the major food products of animal origin, which are the raw material for the gastronomic production
2. The breeding systems of farm animals
3. The main factors that influence the quality of the final product.
D2 – applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Apply acquired knowledge about livestock and animal products in the various working contexts related to the world of gastronomy.
D3 – Making judgements
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Assess the quality of products of animal origin.
D4 – Communication skills
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Express clearly and with appropriate terminology during description of concepts concerning animal products and their derivatives.
D5 – Learning skills
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Learn the concepts of producing animal products;
2. Understand the impact of breeding systems on the quality of animal products.
PLANT PRODUCTION MODULE
To provide the student with elementary knowledge relating to the process of plant production, with special reference to the processes of growth and development, maturation, harvest and storage of plant food productions for processing. Knowledge on the effects of agricultural practices on crop production (yield and quality) is also provided.
Prerequisites
PLANT PRODUCTION MODULE
Knowledge on biology
Course unit content
ANIMAL PRODUCTION MODULE
Definition of PDO, PGI and "Traditional Products ". Introduction to Organic Farming. MILK : Dairy cow breeding and main characteristics of the dairy cow, main dairy cattle breeds, milk composition, genetic and feeding factors and quality of milk for cheesemaking, changes in mastitis milk. Buffalo, sheep and goat milk: general characteristics of these breedings, milk composition and of chemical, physical and dairy-technological requirements of their milk both for cheese-making and direct use. MEAT AND EGGS: Beef and main characteristics of beef-cow breeding, the major beef cattle breeds, beef cattle categories, characteristics of carcasses and meats and main factors that influence them, typical Italian beef productions. Pork Meat: Pork and main characteristics of pig breeding, main pig breeds reared in Italy, pork carcass characteristics and main factors that influence them. Pig productions typical of the province of Parma. General characteristics of poultry and rabbit breeding in Italy, poultry and rabbit meat production, egg production, organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of the eggs. General information on the production of sheep and goat, horses and wild ungulates meat.
PLANT PRODUCTION MODULE
See above: programma esteso
Full programme
ANIMAL PRODUCTION MODULE
1 - Introduction: Description of the structure of the course. Principal characteristics of animal productions. Definition of PDO, PGI and "Traditional Products ". Introduction to Organic Farming.
A - MILK:
2 - Cow Milk: General characteristics of dairy cattle in Italy and its characteristics compared to other EU countries and the rest of the world. Major dairy cattle breeds. Composition of milk. Chemical, physical and dairy-technological requirements of milk for grana cheesemaking. Genetic factors and quality of milk. Polymorphism of milk proteins and their technological significance. Feeding factors and quality of milk. Physico-chemical and dairy-technological changes in mastitis milk.
3 - Buffalo Milk: General characteristics of buffalo breeding in Italy. Physico-chemical and dairy-technological requirements of buffalo milk for cheesemaking.
4 - Sheep and Goat Milk: General characteristics of sheep and goat breeding in Italy. Main sheep and goat breeds reared in Italy. Composition of sheep and goat milk. Physico-chemical and dairy-technological requirements of sheep and goat milk for cheesemaking and for direct use.
B - MEAT AND EGGS
5 - Beef: General characteristics of cattle meat in Italy and its characteristics compared to other EU countries and the rest of the world. Major beef cattle breeds. Beef cattle categories, characteristics of carcasses and meats and main factors (genetic and environmental) that influence them. Major cuts of meat. Chemical, physical, biological and organoleptic characteristics of the meat. The typical Italian beef productions.
6 - Pork Meat: General characteristics of pig breeding in Italy and its characteristics compared to other EU countries and the rest of the world. Main pig breeds reared in Italy. Carcass characteristics and pork and main factors (genetic and environmental) that influence them. Main processes of transformation of pork meat. Chemical, physical, biological and organoleptic characteristics of the processed products. The typical pig productions.
7 - General characteristics of poultry and rabbit breeding in Italy. Poultry and rabbit meat production. Egg production. Organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of the eggs.
8 - General information on the production of sheep and goat, horses and wild ungulates meat.
C – HONEY
9 - General characteristics on beekeeping and honey production.
D - FISHES AND SHELLFISHES
10 - Elements of classification of fishes, shellfishes and molluscs used as human food.
11 - Elements of fish breeding
12 - Characteristics of fish meats.
PLANT PRODUCTION MODULE
INTRODUCTION TO PLANT PRODUCTION: Factors of production. Origins of agriculture and of cultivated crops. Yield and quality. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: Development and dry matter partitioning. Analysis and growth indexes (canopy).
SEED PROPAGATION: Seed characteristics and germination in field crops. Dormancy. Sowing and sowing machinery. AGAMIC PROPAGATION: Apomixy. Layering and other traditional techniques. Cuttings and grafting. Nursery. CLIMATIC VARIABLES: radiation, temperature, rainfall. Crop injury by high and low temperatures. PLANTS AND WATER: crop needs. Soil available water. Field capacity and wilting point. Effects of drought and water flooding. Irrigation methods and their efficiency. PLANT NUTRITION: Main mineral nutrients; excess and deficiency. Antagonisms. Interactions. Macronutrients: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur. Micronutrients: iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, chloride. FERTILISATION: The main available mineral fertilisers. Organic fertilisers. Fertirrigation. Crop needs. WEEDS AND HERBICIDES: Agronomical and chemical weed control. Effects of herbicides on plants and their behaviour in the soil. SOIL: physical, chemical and biological properties. Management of water flooding. Drainage. ROOT SYSTEMS: Development of the root system of field and fruit crops. Methods of root investigations. Indexes of root growth. SOIL TILLAGE: Preparatory and complementary tillage operations. Plough and ploughing. Other tillage tools. Alternative techniques. AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS: Monoculture, polyculture; intercropping; crop rotation. Organic farming. Cover crops. PLANT AND SOIL WATER: Hydrologic cycle. Goals of soil water management. Irrigated crop production.
Bibliography
ANIMAL PRODUCTION MODULE
Bittante G., Andrighetto I., Ramanzin M. “Tecniche di produzione animale” Liviana Editrice, Padova
Slides shown at lesson
Students can find the pdf files of lessons on the Elly platform.
PLANT PRODUCTION MODULE
Fabbri A., 2001 - Produzioni Vegetali. Edagricole. Giardini L., 2002 - Agronomia generale : ambientale e aziendale. 5. ed. – Patron, Bologna. Giardini L., 2003. A come Agronomia. Patron, Bologna. Bonciarelli F. 1995 - Fondamenti di Agronomia Generale. Edagricole. Hartmann H.T., Kester D.E. - Propagazione delle piante. Edagricole. Landi R., 1999 - Agronomia ambiente. Edagricole, Bologna. Studying notes given by the professor
Teaching methods
ANIMAL PRODUCTION MODULE
During the lectures in the classroom, with the use of audio-visual facilities, the characteristics of livestock farm animals and the characteristics of their productions will be presented.
PLANT PRODUCTION MODULE
Oral lessons
Assessment methods and criteria
ANIMAL PRODUCTION MODULE
The assessment of expected learning results described in D1 and parts of those described in D2, D3, D4 and D5, is carried out by a written and an oral examination. The written examination will focus on a series of questions which will be previously provided to students. Through questions regarding the course content will be determined whether the student has achieved the goal of knowledge and understanding. The student must demonstrate that they have mastered the knowledge about the trademarks of typicality and on organic farming, breeding of dairy and beef cattle, on the physico-chemical and dairy-technological properties of milk, on sheep and goat and buffalo productions, on the production of pork, poultry and rabbit, horses and wild ungulates meat, on the production of eggs and honey. By means of the questions in the oral examination will be determined whether the student has achieved the goal of linking the arguments and to find solutions to problems, and if it proves to have good reasoning skills and independent judgment. It will be also assessed the appropriate specific language.
The exam will take place through a first written exam that will cover 10 open questions taken randomly from a list of questions previously provided to the students.
The answers should be concise.
Each question answered correctly will give 3 points, while each question that is answered incompletely or incorrectly from 1 to 2 points, depending on the degree of correctness and/or completeness.
Any missing or totally incorrect answer will be awarded 0 points.
Be careful that in case you did not answer 3 or more questions, the exam is considered to be not passed.
After the correction of the written exam, the student who passed it with a vote of at least 18 or above will support an oral discussion that will focus primarily on the questions of his written exam, and will be also asked cross-questions or questions on solving problems inherent in themes of the program, in order to verify the acquired skills. The oral discussion will be evaluated with the attribution of no more than 5 points, to be added to the vote of the script.
For students with DSA, appropriate compensatory and dispensatory measures will be implemented.
PLANT PRODUCTION MODULE
Written exam
Other information
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