Learning objectives
The aim of the course is give specific knowledge and an up-to-date account of current knowledge in biology and pathophysiology of articular cartilage and bone and in biotechnological techniques, focusing on tissue repairing. With a practical approach the students will acquire a core professional training in primary cell culture methods and techniques and also they will acquire capacity to apply systems to culture articular chondrocytes and also protocols to study osteogenesis in vivo. Students will also acquire knowledge on natural and synthetic polymers and scaffols for biomedical use, expecially for bone reparing, vascular surgery, surgical hemostasis and ocular implants. <br />
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Course unit content
<p><strong>1) Osteochondrogenesis: in vivo and in vitro models of biocompatibility(5 CFU) <br />
Module A <br />
</strong>Lecturer: Prof. Paolo Borghetti (VET/03) <br />
(CFU: 1 CFU lesson (8 hours) + 1 CFU praticals (8 hours) <br />
Theoretical part: <br />
Anatomy , histology and biomechanics of articular joints. Structure, biology and metabolism of articular cartilage. <br />
Physiopathology of tissue cartilage metabolism. The molecular basis of chondrocyte differentiaiton and chondrogenesis. Biomaterials for cartilage reparing <br />
Practicals: <br />
Isolation of chondrocytes from articular cartilage tissue. <br />
Adhesion and tridimensional models of primary chondrocyte culture. <br />
Tecnique for maintening differentiation of articular chondrocytes in culture. <br />
<strong>Module B</strong><br />
Dott. Cacchioli Antonio (VET/01) (3 CFU), </p>
<p>Theoretical part (1,5 CFU- 12 hours)<br />
Locomotor system: classification of bones and principles of biomechanic <br />
Osteology: <br />
- Forms of bony tissue <br />
- Histogenesis <br />
- Morphological and structural characteristics <br />
- Deposition and remodeling dinamics <br />
Definition and classification of biomaterials employed in orthopaedic and dental field <br />
Experimental protocols for evaluation of osteointegration <br />
Notions of legislation on animal experimentation <br />
Methods for the osteintegration evaluation: bone vital markers, polarized light microscopy analysis, histochemical and immunohistochemical reactions, histological stains. <br />
Practicals: <br />
The practical activity (1, 5 PrCFU, 12 hours) will focused on: <br />
- Histological techniques for processing undecalcified bone tissue with implants <br />
- Histolgical stains, Histochemical and Himmunohistochemical reactions <br />
- Observation of histological sections by polarizing light and fluorescence optical microscope <br />
- Digitalization and image analysis. <br />
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<strong>Module C <br />
</strong>Lecturer: Prof. Filippo Maria Martini (VET/09: 2 CFU) <br />
• Experimental protocols for the in vivo biointegration evaluation of materials to be used in the orthopedic and maxillo-facial field. <br />
• Concepts of animal experimentation legislation. <br />
• Choice criteria of experimental animal. <br />
• Definition and classification of biomaterials: metals and metal alloys, ceramics, thermoplastic and thermohardening polymers, composites, biodegradable and bioactive materials. <br />
• Materials in the orthopedic and maxillo-facial field (steel, titan, PDLLA, covering materials, cements). <br />
• Clinical use of biomaterials. Orthopedics: articular prosthesis, bone cement, ligament substitution, internal and external fracture fixation. <br />
• Biomaterial functionality monitoring after implants. Periprosthetic infection. Orthopedic prosthesis mobilization. <br />
• European legislation on medical devices. <br />
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<strong>2) Biomaterials and bioprotesis (1 CFU) <br />
</strong>Lecturers:<br />
a) Dott. Luigi Bonati (MED/18 0,5 CFU: 4 ore) </p>
<p>Biomaterials in general surgery, vascular surgery and surgical hemostasis <br />
Topic: <br />
Prostheses biocompatible in addominal wall surgical repair, in incisional hernias, and in addominal hernias repair. <br />
Vasculars prostheses and patches in vascular surgery. <br />
Hamostatic medications in abdominal, vascular, and thoracic surgery. <br />
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b) Dott. Claudio Macaluso (0,5 CFU: 4 ore) <br />
• Intraocular lenses (IOLs): optical, biological and surgical requirements in designing substitutes of the natural crystalline lens. <br />
• Corneal implants and artificial cornea. <br />
• Setons and other implants for the therapy of glaucoma. <br />
• Sub- and pre-retinal prosthesis: optoelectronics to restore visual transduction and reverse blindness. <br />
• Vitreal substitutes. <br />
• “External” prostheses: contact lenses and cosmetic shells. <br />
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<strong>3) ProNatural and synthetic polymers for biomedical use. <br />
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<p>Lecturer:Prof. Ruggero Bettini (CHIM/09) <br />
Natural and synthetic polymers for biomedical use. <br />
• Tridimensional polymeric scaffolds. <br />
• Chemical modification of polymers. <br />
• Solid-state manipulation. <br />
• Physico-chemical characterisation polymeric films: <br />
hydrophilicity (contact angle, swelling index); <br />
mechanical characteristics (elastic module, elongation to break, deformability); <br />
porosity of tridimensional structures; <br />
surface characteristics (roughness) by microscopy; <br />
chemical composition of the surface. <br />
• Polymeric scaffolds as drug delivery systems. <br />
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Bibliography
1) Scientific reviews on course topics <br />
2) Lab experimental protocols <br />
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