Learning objectives
The objective of this course is to provide students, through theoretical lectures, exercises in the classroom and work in laboratory, knowledge relating to principles of chemical equilibrium in aqueous solutions, volumetric analysis and main instrumental techniques.
Prerequisites
Knowledge of the basic principles of general and organic chemistry.
Course unit content
Calculation of pH and concentration of the species present in aqueous solutions.
Principles of volumetric analysis.
Instrumental analysis: spectrophotometricand chromatographic methods.
Full programme
Analytical chemistry
-Ways of expressing the concentration of solutions: molarity, percentage by weight and by volume, parts per million and related. Preparation of standard solutions by weight and by dilution. Conversion between the various methods of expressing concentration levels. Exercises.
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Definition of acids and bases. Auto-ionisation and ionic product of water. Calculation of pH and concentration of the species present in the equilibrium of solutions of strong bases and acids. Exercises.
Definition of weak bases and acids. Dissociation constant. Calculation of pH and concentration of the species present in the equilibrium of solutions of weak bases and acids. Exercises.
Polyprotic acids. Calculation of pH and concentration of the species present in the equilibrium of solutions of polybasic acids. Distribution curve of equilibrium species on the basis of pH. Exercises.
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Calculation of pH of saline solutions. Exercises
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Buffer solutions. Calculation of pH of buffer solutions. Buffering capacity. Exercises.
- Principles of volumetric analysis: acid-base titration; oxidation-reduction titrations.
Instrumental analytical chemistry
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Spectrophotometric methods. Rotational, vibrational and electronic transitions. Absorption, emission, fluorescence. Lambert-Beer's law.
UV-Vis spectroscopy: principles, instrumentation and applications.
IR spectroscopy: principles, instrumentation and applications
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Chromatographic methods. General principles and theory of chromatographic separation. Fundamental parameters in chromatography.
Gas-chromatography (GC): principles, instrumentation and applications.
High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC): adsorption chromatography, partition chromatography, size-exclusion chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography. Principles, instrumentation and applications.
Bibliography
- P. Michelin Lausarot, G.A. Vaglio “Stechiometria per la chimica generale” Piccin
- D.C. Harris “Chimica analitica quantitativa” Zanichelli
- D.S. Hage, J.D. Carr "Chimica analitica e analisi quantitativa" Piccin
- D.A. Skoog, D.M. West, F.J. Holler, S.R. Crouch “Fondamenti di chimica analitica” EdiSES
Teaching methods
theoretical lectures, exercises in the classroom and work in laboratory
Assessment methods and criteria
- written examination (solution of numerical exercices)
- written report on laboratory work
- oral examination of teorethical principles of instrumental analytical chemistry
Other information
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