Learning objectives
<br />Acquisition of the essential knowledge about the general characters of etiologic agents of infectious diseases (bacteria, fungi, helminths, protozoa, viruses), host-etiological agents interactions, prophylaxis and therapy (notes), drug-resistance mechanisms, nosocomial infections.<br />
Prerequisites
To pass the exams of the first semester, first year.
Course unit content
<br /><br /> Bacteriology<br />General characters of prokaryotic cell<br /> Morphology of prokaryotic cell<br /> Prokaryotic cell structures (cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, nucleus, flagella, pili and fimbriae, capsule, endospores)<br /> Notes on bacterial metabolism and replication<br />Microbial pathogenicity<br /> Host-microbe interactions<br /> Normal flora of humans<br /> Microbial pathogenicity and potential virulence factors (adhesins, enzymes, bacterial toxins)<br />Laboratory diagnosis of bacterial diseases<br /> Bacterial (components) detection and identification. Notes on laboratory methods (sample collection and transport, microscopic examination, cultural examination, bacterial identification, molecular biology approaches)<br /> Antibody detection (notes)<br />Antibiotics and synthetic antimicrobial agents; methods for antibacterial susceptibility testing (notes)<br />Important pathogenic bacteria (notes)<br />- Staphylococci (S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci)<br />- Streptococci (Group A beta-haemolitic streptococci, Pneumococci)<br />- Neisseria meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae<br />- Corynebacterium diphtheriae<br />- Mycobacteria<br />- Enteropathogenic Gram-negative bacteria: Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, Campylobacter and Vibrio<br />- Clostridia (C. tetani, C. perfringens and C. botulinum)<br />- Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria causing nosocomial infections: Pseudomonas and S. aureus.<br /> <br />Mycology<br />General characters of fungi<br />The fungal cell, the fungal colony; Yeasts and moulds<br />Classification of mycoses; Common human mycoses<br />Antifungal agents<br /> <br />Parasitology<br />Protozoa: Lyfe cicles - notes<br />- Intestinal parasites:<br /> Giardia intestinalis<br /> Cryptosporidium<br /> Entamoeba histolytica<br />- Tissues and blood parasites:<br /> Toxoplasma gondii<br /> Plasmodium<br /> Leishmania<br /> Free living amebas (Acanthamoeba)<br />- Uro-genital tract parasites:<br /> Trichomonas vaginalis<br />Helminths: Lyfe cicles - notes<br />- Cestodes:<br /> Taenia solium<br /> Taenia saginata<br /> Diphyllobotrium latum<br /> Echinococcus<br />- Nematodes:<br /> Enterobius vermicularis <br /> Ascaris lumbricoides<br /> Strongyloides stercoralis<br /> Trichinella spiralis<br />Arthropods: Lyfe cicles - notes<br /> Sarcoptes scabiei<br /> Pediculus humanus var. corporis and var. capitis<br /> <br />Virology<br />Morphological and structural characteristics of viruses<br /> Definition<br /> Size and morphology<br /> Chemical composition<br /> Nucleic acids<br />Classification of viruses (notes)<br />Viral replicative cycle<br /> Attachment<br /> Entry<br /> Uncoating<br /> Genome expression and replication<br />Virus cultivation<br /> Laboratory animals, embryonated chicken eggs, cell cultures <br /> Cytopathic effects<br />Laboratory diagnosis of viral infection<br /> Clinical samples (collection, transport and storage criteria)<br /> Virus (components) detection (cytologic evaluation, viral culture, rapid antigen detection, gene amplification)<br /> Antibody detection techniques<br />Common human viral diseases
Full programme
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Bibliography
- M. Bendinelli, C. Chezzi, G. Dettori, N. Manca, G. Morace, L. Polonelli, M.A. Tufano - <br />
"MICROBIOLOGIA MEDICA: BATTERIOLOGIA, MICOLOGIA, VIROLOGIA. Gli agenti infettivi dell'uomo: biologia, azione patogena, laboratorio. " Monduzzi Editore <br />
- I. De Carneri - Parassitologia Generale ed Umana, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano. <br />
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Teaching methods
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Other information
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