Learning objectives
The course introduces the students to the basic concepts of thermodynamics, heat transfer and fluid flow applied to building energy analysis in terms of building/ thermotechnical plants and building/environment interactions.
On the completion of this course students are expected to be able to:
1) be conversant with the concepts and definitions used in fluid flow, thermodynamics and heat transfer;
2) understand and be able to apply fundamental concepts and equations to practical problems;
3) have developed analytical cognitive skills and problem solving skills in fluid flow, thermodynamics and heat transfer.
Course unit content
Units of measurement.
Basic elements of classical physics: kinematics and dynamics.
Thermodynamics.
Closed and open systems.
Mixtures of air and water vapor.
Fluid dynamics.
Heat transfer
Thermal comfort
Full programme
Elements of classical physics.
Definition of measurement. Fundamental and derived units of measurement. Dimensional analysis.. Elements of kinematics and dynamics: velocity, acceleration, force, mass, weight, density, work, energy, power. Kinetic and potential energy. Principles of conservation of energy. States of matter. Definition
pressure, atmospheric pressure. Stevin's law, hydrostatic pressure. Pressure measurement.
Thermodynamics.
Definitions: systems and properties. Units (SI). Closed and open
systems. Forms of energy. First Law. Second law. Entropy. Irreversibility.
Closed systems: conservation of mass, conservation of energy. Open
systems: definitions, conservation of mass, conservation of energy,
steady and transient processes. Properties of pure substances,
equilibrium diagrams (p,v) (p,T). Incompressible substances and their
properties. Vapours: quality and other properties. Ideal gas. Vapor power
cycles: Rankine cycle, ideal cycle, reheat. Refrigeration vapour cycle.
Coefficient of performance. Thermodynamic efficiency. Simple
multicomponents systems. Ideal gases mixtures.
Mixtures of air and water vapour.
Thermodinamic properties of humid air: specific and absolute humidity,
specific entalphy. Psicrometric chart. Dew point temperature. Dry and
wet bulb temperature. Psicrometer.
Fluid flow.
Physical aspect of the fluid flow. Coefficient of viscosity. Laminar and
turbulent flow. Boundary layer. Reynolds number. Fluid flow in pipes.
Integral equations Energy bilance equation. Bernoulli equation. Friction
losses. Velocity and mass flow rate measurements in fluids. Compressible
fluids. Mach number.
Heat transfer.
Conduction. Fourier law. Steady state conduction. Electrical analogy. Convection. Dimensional analysis. Thermal boundary layer. Forced,natural and mixed convection. Thermal radiation. Definitions. Laws of
thermal radiation: Plack's law, Stefan-Boltzmann law. View factor.Applications to thermal radiation heat transfer between black and greysurfaces. Overall heat transfer coefficient.
Thermal Comfort
Human psychology, heat balance, metabolism, clothing, environmental factors, thermal comfort standards
Bibliography
CENGEL YUNUS A., Introduction to Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer, Ed Mc Graw Hill
Teaching methods
The course consists of frontal lessons.
Assessment methods and criteria
Obligatory written exam and an optional oral examination. Numerical exercises similar to those of the lectures may be subject to examination.
